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Streptococcus Salivarius K12

Also known as: BLIS K12, Streptococcus salivarius, K12 strain, Streptococcus salivarius K12

Overview

*Streptococcus salivarius* K12, or BLIS K12, is a probiotic bacterium derived from the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. Initially isolated from a healthy child's throat in New Zealand, this strain is recognized for its potential health advantages, particularly in mitigating upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). It produces antimicrobial peptides, specifically salivaricin A2 and B, that inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Research, including randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, supports its efficacy in promoting oral health and preventing infections, especially in children and physically active individuals. Its primary forms are dietary supplements like tablets and lozenges.

Benefits

*S. salivarius* K12 has demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence of streptococcal pharyngitis and acute otitis media in children, with studies showing up to a 90% decrease in strep throat cases over three months. Furthermore, it enhances mucosal immunity, boosting salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels, particularly beneficial for athletes under stress. Some preliminary studies suggest antifungal and antiviral properties, including a potential reduction in SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates. Overall, the evidence indicates that *S. salivarius* K12 is particularly advantageous for populations at higher risk for URTIs, reinforcing its preventive health benefits.

How it works

*S. salivarius* K12 supports oral and respiratory health by producing antimicrobial peptides that target harmful bacteria. It modulates immune responses by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-8, while enhancing sIgA secretion, which is vital for mucosal immunity. This mechanism facilitates colonization in the upper respiratory tract, providing protective effects against pathogens and promoting balance within the oral microbiome.

Side effects

*S. salivarius* K12 is generally regarded as safe, with no significant adverse effects reported in clinical trials. No common or uncommon side effects have been documented, and rare side effects do not appear to exist. However, individuals with compromised immune systems should consult a healthcare professional before using the supplement, as should pregnant and breastfeeding women. While significant drug interactions have not been reported, it is crucial to monitor vulnerable populations for any unexpected reactions.

Dosage

The typical recommended dosage for *S. salivarius* K12 ranges between 1 and 2 billion CFU daily, with a minimum of 1 billion CFU necessary to achieve noticeable health benefits. Higher dosages may further bolster immune response and assist in infection prevention. It is important to maintain consistency in daily intake for adequate colonization, and the supplement can be taken at any time of day. Various forms, such as tablets and lozenges, are available, though no established maximum safe dosage exists; adherence to recommended amounts is essential for safety.

FAQs

Is *S. salivarius* K12 safe for everyone?

*S. salivarius* K12 is generally safe and well-tolerated, but those with compromised immune systems should consult a healthcare provider before use.

When should I take *S. salivarius* K12?

You can take *S. salivarius* K12 at any time of day. Consistency in daily dosing is important for maintaining its benefits.

What can I expect from using *S. salivarius* K12?

Regular use can lead to fewer URTIs, increased salivary IgA levels, and improved immune function over time.

Can it replace antibiotics?

No, *S. salivarius* K12 is not an antibiotic and should not replace antibiotic treatment; it can be used as a preventive measure.

Research Sources

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7358775/ – This study reviews the benefits of *S. salivarius* K12 in improving throat health and reducing URTIs in children. It highlights the biochemical mechanisms and clinical efficacy based on randomized controlled trials, emphasizing the strain's role in enhancing immunity.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30628566/ – This research article details the immunomodulatory effects of *S. salivarius* K12, specifically its influence on sIgA levels and respiratory health, illustrating its potential as a preventive agent against upper respiratory infections.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02695/full – This meta-analysis evaluates multiple studies on the role of *S. salivarius* K12 in pediatric health, concluding that it may significantly decrease the incidence of common childhood infections and enhance immune response.