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White button mushroom extract

Also known as: White Button Mushroom, WBM, Agaricus bisporus

Overview

Agaricus bisporus, commonly known as the White Button Mushroom (WBM), is a widely consumed edible mushroom native to Europe and North America. Beyond its culinary uses, extracts from WBM are increasingly studied as a dietary supplement for their potential health benefits, particularly in the areas of anticancer, immunomodulatory, and metabolic health. The mushroom contains a rich array of bioactive compounds, including β-glucans, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids, which are believed to contribute to its therapeutic properties. Research on WBM extract is emerging, encompassing preclinical studies, early-phase clinical trials, and observational meta-analyses. While the evidence base is growing, it currently ranges from animal models and small human trials to systematic reviews of observational data, indicating a need for more large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials to confirm its efficacy and establish precise usage guidelines.

Benefits

White Button Mushroom extract shows promising benefits across several health domains. Its most notable potential is in anticancer effects, particularly in prostate cancer, where studies have shown it can reduce prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, indicating a potential to slow disease progression. Preclinical studies further support tumor growth suppression without significant toxicity. A meta-analysis, though not specific to WBM extract, linked higher overall mushroom consumption to a 45% lower cancer risk, suggesting a broader protective effect. WBM also demonstrates metabolic health benefits; animal models and a human clinical trial indicated improvements in plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, body weight, central obesity, and blood pressure. Furthermore, WBM exhibits immunomodulatory properties by reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are known to suppress immune responses in cancer and viral infections, and by decreasing pro-inflammatory factors in animal models. The strength of evidence varies, with strong preclinical data and promising early human trials, but larger randomized controlled trials are needed to solidify these findings.

How it works

White Button Mushroom extract exerts its effects through multiple mechanisms. In the context of prostate cancer, WBM contains compounds that antagonize androgen receptor (AR) activation, thereby reducing the expression of AR-mediated genes like TMPRSS2 and PSA. This mechanism is crucial for inhibiting prostate cancer cell growth and may also interfere with viral entry pathways. The β-glucans and phenolic compounds present in WBM contribute to its immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities, enhancing the body's natural defenses and reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, WBM appears to modulate lipid and glucose metabolism, potentially by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are key regulators of energy homeostasis. Animal and human studies have demonstrated the oral bioavailability of WBM compounds, leading to measurable physiological changes and systemic effects.

Side effects

White Button Mushroom extract is generally well tolerated, with clinical trials reporting minimal and transient side effects. The most commonly observed adverse events have been mild, such as grade 1 hepatotoxicity and muscle pain, which are typically not severe. Preclinical animal studies have further confirmed a lack of significant hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity at tested doses, supporting its safety profile. Currently, there are no major drug interactions or contraindications reported in the reviewed literature. Studies involving specific populations, such as prostate cancer patients, have not noted any serious adverse events, indicating its safety even in individuals with underlying health conditions. However, as with any supplement, individuals should consult a healthcare professional before starting WBM extract, especially if they have pre-existing conditions or are taking other medications, to ensure personalized safety.

Dosage

Optimal dosing for White Button Mushroom extract is still under investigation, as precise recommendations require further large-scale randomized controlled trials. In preclinical animal models, doses around 200 mg/kg/day have been used. Human equivalent doses vary, but phase I/II clinical trials have utilized oral WBM powder supplements for durations up to 12 months. Observational studies suggest that dietary intake levels of around 18 grams per day of general mushroom consumption may be associated with health benefits, particularly a reduced cancer risk. However, this refers to whole mushroom consumption, not concentrated extract. For specific therapeutic effects like anticancer or metabolic improvements, more targeted research is needed to establish precise dosage ranges, timing considerations, and the most effective formulations. Currently, powder form is common in research trials, but other forms may also be available. Users should adhere to product-specific recommendations or consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance.

FAQs

Is WBM extract safe for long-term use?

Current evidence from clinical and preclinical studies suggests that White Button Mushroom extract has a good safety profile with minimal side effects, indicating it is likely safe for long-term use.

Does WBM extract reduce cancer risk?

Evidence supports WBM's ability to reduce PSA levels and inhibit tumor growth in prostate cancer. Observational data also link general mushroom consumption to a lower overall cancer risk.

How quickly do benefits appear?

PSA reductions in prostate cancer patients have been observed within 3-12 months. Metabolic improvements have been noted within weeks in both animal and human studies.

Is WBM effective against viral infections?

Mechanistic data suggest potential through its modulation of AR and TMPRSS2, which are involved in viral entry. However, clinical evidence for its effectiveness against viral infections is still preliminary.

Research Sources

  • https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04519879 – This is an ongoing Phase II randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of WBM supplementation in prostate cancer patients. Preliminary findings indicate WBM may reduce PSA levels and modulate immune markers, though full results are pending publication.
  • https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8542389/ – This study combined preclinical mouse models with a Phase I clinical trial. It demonstrated that WBM extract suppresses tumor growth and reduces PSA levels with minimal toxicity, providing early evidence of its anticancer potential.
  • https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-021-00102-6 – This research, involving preclinical and Phase I clinical components, showed that WBM interrupts androgen receptor-mediated gene expression. It also highlighted WBM's ability to reduce myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and inflammation, supporting its mechanistic role in cancer and immune modulation.
  • https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8483951/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies found a significant association between higher mushroom consumption and a 45% lower overall cancer risk. While not specific to WBM, it supports the broader anticancer potential of edible mushrooms.
  • https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2021/fo/d0fo02071k – This study, combining an RCT with animal models, demonstrated that WBM effectively reduces plasma glucose and lipid levels, and improves various metabolic parameters in diabetic and hypercholesterolemic subjects. It provides promising data for WBM's role in metabolic health.

Supplements Containing White button mushroom extract

Anti Aging Made For Women by Shredz
43

Anti Aging Made For Women

Shredz

Score: 43/100
Anabolic King by ATS Labs
40

Anabolic King

ATS Labs

Score: 40/100
Testosterone Replenish by Mancore
48

Testosterone Replenish

Mancore

Score: 48/100
Victress by Sweat Ethic
60

Victress

Sweat Ethic

Score: 60/100
Project Shred by Anabolic Warfare
50

Project Shred

Anabolic Warfare

Score: 50/100
Alpha Viril by HFL Platinum Series
43

Alpha Viril

HFL Platinum Series

Score: 43/100
Mushroom Complex by Purely Optimal
75

Mushroom Complex

Purely Optimal

Score: 75/100
Mushroom 10x by We Like Vitamins
58

Mushroom 10x

We Like Vitamins

Score: 58/100
Z-Test by PMD
70

Z-Test

PMD

Score: 70/100
Primal Pro XL by Primal Male XL
55

Primal Pro XL

Primal Male XL

Score: 55/100
Primal Test XL by Primal Male XL
63

Primal Test XL

Primal Male XL

Score: 63/100
Blood Balance Max by Justified Laboratories
78

Blood Balance Max

Justified Laboratories

Score: 78/100

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