Chaste Berry Vitex Extract
Also known as: Vitex agnus-castus, Chaste Berry, Chasteberry, Monk's Pepper
Overview
Vitex agnus-castus, commonly known as Chaste Berry, is a plant native to the Mediterranean region, with its fruit widely used in herbal medicine. It is primarily recognized for its traditional use in addressing menstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The extract is believed to influence hormonal balance, particularly affecting prolactin levels. While research on Vitex agnus-castus is considered moderate, with several clinical trials and meta-analyses available, the quality of evidence varies, with concerns about study quality and heterogeneity. It is available in various forms, including capsules and tablets, and is often standardized to specific extract concentrations. Its mechanism of action involves influencing dopamine and prolactin levels, potentially interacting with the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.
Benefits
Vitex agnus-castus has demonstrated potential in reducing PMS symptoms. Studies indicate that women taking Vitex agnus-castus were 2.57 times more likely to experience symptom remission compared to those on placebo (95% CI 1.52-4.35). Some evidence also supports its use for hyperprolactinemia. The benefits are primarily observed in women experiencing PMS or PMDD. While large effect sizes have been reported, there is high heterogeneity and potential publication bias. It typically requires several menstrual cycles to observe noticeable effects. Further research is needed to confirm these benefits and establish optimal usage guidelines.
How it works
Vitex agnus-castus is believed to exert its effects by influencing dopamine and prolactin levels, thereby affecting hormonal balance. It may interact with the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, a key regulator of hormonal function. While the exact molecular targets are not fully elucidated, it is thought to involve dopamine receptors. This modulation of hormonal pathways can help alleviate symptoms associated with menstrual disorders and hormonal imbalances. Limited data is available regarding the absorption and bioavailability of Vitex agnus-castus extracts.
Side effects
Vitex agnus-castus is generally considered safe, but long-term safety data is limited. Common side effects (occurring in >5% of users) include nausea, headache, and gastrointestinal issues. Uncommon side effects (1-5%) may include allergic reactions. Rare side effects are not well-documented. It has potential interactions with dopamine antagonists and hormonal therapies. Vitex agnus-castus is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to a lack of safety data. Caution is advised in individuals with pre-existing hormonal imbalances or those taking hormonal medications. It's important to discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional if any adverse reactions occur.
Dosage
The typical recommended dosage of Vitex agnus-castus is 20-40 mg per day of a standardized extract, although optimal dosing is not definitively established. It is often taken once daily, typically in the morning. Capsules or tablets are common forms. The maximum safe dose is not clearly defined. Bioavailability may vary based on the specific formulation. It may take several weeks or months of consistent use to experience the full benefits. There are no established required cofactors for its use.
FAQs
Is Vitex agnus-castus safe?
Generally safe, but may interact with hormonal medications. Consult a healthcare professional before use, especially if you have pre-existing conditions or are taking other medications.
When should I take Vitex agnus-castus?
Typically taken once daily, often in the morning. Consistency is key for optimal results. Follow the dosage instructions provided on the product label or as directed by your healthcare provider.
How long does it take to see results?
It may take several menstrual cycles (weeks to months) to notice the full benefits. Be patient and consistent with your usage. If symptoms worsen, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.
Can Vitex agnus-castus be used as a quick fix for PMS?
No, it is not a quick fix. It requires consistent use over time to achieve its effects. It works by gradually influencing hormonal balance, so patience is necessary.
Are there any contraindications?
It is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to a lack of safety data. Caution is advised in individuals with hormonal imbalances or those taking hormonal medications.
Research Sources
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28237870/ – This systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 RCTs (14 included in meta-analysis) examined the effects of Vitex agnus-castus on PMS symptoms. The findings indicated a large pooled effect of Vitex agnus-castus, but the study noted high heterogeneity and risk of bias, suggesting the need for more rigorous research.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31780016/ – This meta-analysis of three RCTs with 520 females investigated the efficacy of Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) for PMS. The results showed that women taking VAC were 2.57 times more likely to experience symptom remission compared to placebo, highlighting its potential as a treatment option.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1269781/full – This systematic review explores the effects of Vitex agnus-castus on various reproductive health conditions, including PMS and hyperprolactinemia. The review suggests potential benefits but emphasizes the need for further research to confirm these effects and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
- https://womensmentalhealth.org/posts/chasteberry-for-pms-and-pmdd/ – This article discusses the use of chasteberry for managing PMS and PMDD symptoms. It provides an overview of the current research and clinical recommendations, highlighting its potential benefits and limitations in treating these conditions.
- https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/11/1371 – This review article examines the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications of Vitex agnus-castus. It provides a comprehensive overview of the plant's bioactive compounds, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential for various health conditions.
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