Get Your Personalized Supplement StackSupplement Stack Quiz

Organic Nettle

Also known as: Urtica dioica, Stinging Nettle, Nettle, Common Nettle

Overview

Urtica dioica, commonly known as stinging nettle, is a plant native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. It is valued for its nutritional content and has a history of use in traditional medicine. Nettle contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, carotenoids, and fatty acids, which contribute to its therapeutic effects. It is available in various forms, including capsules, teas, and extracts. Research suggests potential benefits in managing blood sugar levels, reducing inflammation, and alleviating symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). While generally considered safe, it's important to be aware of potential side effects and interactions. The research on nettle supplementation is moderately mature, with several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews, although more studies are needed to confirm some of the findings. The evidence varies, with some high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses, but also some studies with methodological limitations and conflicting results.

Benefits

Nettle supplementation has shown potential benefits, particularly for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A meta-analysis of eight RCTs found a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations. Nettle extracts also exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, potentially useful in treating inflammatory disorders. Lipophilic extracts may be more effective and less cytotoxic than aqueous or alcohol extracts. Some evidence suggests nettle extracts may be beneficial in treating mild to moderate symptoms of BPH, although results are mixed and often involve combination products. The reduction in FBS concentrations is clinically significant, indicating potential utility in managing blood sugar levels in T2DM patients. The duration of the studies varied, but significant reductions in FBS were observed over the course of several weeks to months.

How it works

Nettle's anti-inflammatory effects are attributed to its ability to inhibit the production of cytokines and other inflammatory factors, as well as its inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. The antidiabetic effects may involve modulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, though the exact mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Nettle interacts with the immune system by inhibiting mast cell degranulation and histamine release, which can be beneficial in allergic conditions. It also affects the endocrine system by potentially improving insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Nettle extracts target various molecular pathways, including the inhibition of H1-receptors, tryptase, and hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthase (HPGDS). The bioavailability of nettle's bioactive compounds can vary depending on the extraction method. Lipophilic extracts may have better bioavailability and efficacy compared to aqueous or alcohol extracts.

Side effects

Nettle supplementation is generally considered safe, with most side effects being mild. Common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort and allergic reactions (rarely severe). Uncommon side effects include urinary infections, though these were fewer in the active ingredient group compared to placebo in some studies. Rare side effects include severe allergic reactions, though these are rare and typically associated with skin contact rather than supplementation. Nettle may interact with diabetes medications due to its effects on blood sugar levels. Caution is advised when using nettle with other medications, especially those affecting blood sugar or blood pressure. It is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding, due to limited research on safety in these populations. Patients with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels closely when using nettle supplementation. Men with BPH should consult their healthcare provider before using nettle for therapeutic purposes.

Dosage

For T2DM, dosages that have shown efficacy in reducing FBS range from 500 mg to 2 grams per day of nettle extract. There is no established maximum safe dose, but doses up to 2 grams per day have been used in clinical trials without significant adverse effects. No specific timing recommendations are available, but it is generally advised to take supplements with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Lipophilic extracts may be more effective than aqueous or alcohol extracts due to better bioavailability and anti-inflammatory potency. The bioavailability of nettle's bioactive compounds can be influenced by the extraction method and the presence of other nutrients or compounds that may enhance or inhibit absorption. There is no clear evidence on required cofactors, but a balanced diet and adequate hydration are generally recommended when taking any supplement.

FAQs

Is nettle supplementation safe?

Nettle is generally safe, but it can cause gastrointestinal discomfort and allergic reactions in some individuals. Monitor blood sugar if you have diabetes and consult a healthcare provider before starting.

When should I take nettle supplements?

There is no specific timing recommended, but taking the supplement with meals can help minimize side effects.

What results can I expect from nettle supplementation?

For T2DM patients, a reduction in FBS concentrations can be expected, but individual results may vary.

Is nettle a cure for diabetes?

Nettle is not a cure for diabetes or other conditions; it is a supplement that may help manage symptoms and improve certain health markers.

Research Sources

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.6535 – This systematic review and meta-analysis of eight RCTs involving 401 participants with T2DM found a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations following nettle supplementation. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was -18.01 mg/dl (95% CI: -30.04 to -5.97, p < .001). However, the study also noted high heterogeneity among the included studies.
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5219 – This study explores the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of nettle extracts, noting that lipophilic extracts may be more potent and less cytotoxic than aqueous or alcohol extracts. The research suggests potential benefits for inflammatory disorders, but highlights the need for more clinical trials to confirm efficacy in humans. The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nettle's therapeutic effects.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31802554/ – This study investigates the effects of nettle on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that nettle supplementation can lead to a reduction in fasting blood sugar levels. However, the study also points out the need for further research to validate these results and determine the optimal dosage and duration of treatment.
https://institutionalrepository.aah.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1216&context=jpcrr – This review discusses the traditional uses and pharmacological properties of nettle, including its potential benefits for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It highlights that some studies have shown improvements in BPH symptoms with nettle extracts, but results are mixed and often involve combination products. The review emphasizes the need for more research to confirm efficacy and rule out confounding factors.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.6535 – This abstract previews a systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the impact of nettle on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. The review indicates a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar levels with nettle supplementation. It also acknowledges the need for further studies to solidify these findings and address the heterogeneity observed across different trials.