Phenibut
Also known as: Phenibut, Noofen, Anvifen, β-Phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid
Overview
Phenibut is a synthetic compound derived from GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and is not naturally found in food sources. Initially developed for medical applications, it is now marketed as a dietary supplement, primarily for its anxiolytic and potential cognitive-enhancing effects. As a GABA B receptor agonist, phenibut exerts psychoactive effects similar to prescription sedatives. It is used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and other neurological disorders. While clinical trials suggest safety at therapeutic doses, increasing reports of misuse and dependence have raised concerns. The quality of available evidence is variable, necessitating cautious interpretation of its benefits and risks. Phenibut is available in capsules or powder form.
Benefits
Phenibut is primarily known for its anxiolytic effects, which can lead to improved sleep quality. Some users report cognitive enhancement, although evidence is less robust. It may also alleviate symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reduce fatigue in specific conditions. Studies indicate moderate improvements in anxiety scores and cognitive functions, but the specific effect sizes vary. Benefits are typically observed within days to weeks of consistent use. However, due to the risk of dependence, long-term use should be approached with caution and under professional guidance. Further research is needed to fully understand the scope and limitations of its benefits.
How it works
Phenibut functions primarily as a GABA B receptor agonist, enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. By binding to GABA B receptors, it promotes sedation, muscle relaxation, and influences cognitive functions. This action reduces neuronal excitability, leading to anxiolytic and calming effects. Phenibut is rapidly absorbed, although specific bioavailability data is limited. Its interaction with the central nervous system makes it effective in managing anxiety and improving sleep. However, this mechanism also contributes to its potential for dependence and adverse side effects.
Side effects
Phenibut is generally considered safe at therapeutic doses (250-2000 mg/day), but higher doses can lead to dependence and severe side effects. Common side effects include somnolence (1.89%) and insomnia. Uncommon side effects (1-5%) include nausea, dizziness, and allergic reactions. Rare but serious side effects (<1%) include hallucinations and severe agitation. Phenibut can interact with other sedatives or alcohol, increasing the risk of central nervous system depression. It is contraindicated for use with other CNS depressants. Caution is advised for individuals with a history of substance abuse. Due to the risk of withdrawal symptoms, abrupt cessation should be avoided. Monitor for signs of dependence or misuse, especially in vulnerable individuals.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of phenibut is approximately 250 mg, with an optimal dosage range between 250-2000 mg/day. The maximum safe dose is not well-defined, but exceeding 2 g/day significantly increases the risk of adverse effects. It is often taken before bedtime to aid sleep. Phenibut is available in capsules or powder form. While food may affect absorption, specific data is limited. Due to the potential for tolerance and dependence, it is advisable to start with a low dose and gradually increase as needed, under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Regular monitoring is essential to prevent adverse effects and dependence.
FAQs
What are the main uses of Phenibut?
Phenibut is primarily used for its anxiolytic effects and to improve sleep quality. Some users also report cognitive enhancement. However, it is essential to use it cautiously due to the risk of dependence.
How should Phenibut be taken for best results?
Phenibut is typically taken before bedtime to avoid daytime sedation. Start with a low dose and gradually increase as needed. Monitor for any adverse effects and avoid long-term use without professional guidance.
What are the potential side effects of Phenibut?
Common side effects include somnolence and insomnia. Rare but serious side effects include hallucinations and severe agitation. It can also interact with other sedatives or alcohol. Caution is advised for individuals with a history of substance abuse.
Is Phenibut safe to use?
Phenibut is generally safe at therapeutic doses (250-2000 mg/day), but higher doses can lead to dependence and severe side effects. It is not approved for medical use in Western countries, and its use as a supplement is controversial.
Can I become addicted to Phenibut?
Yes, Phenibut has a high potential for dependence, especially with long-term use or at high doses. Monitor for signs of dependence or misuse, especially in individuals with a history of substance abuse. Avoid abrupt cessation to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
Research Sources
- https://magistralbr.caldic.com/storage/product-files/339738587.pdf – This document appears to be a product file and does not contain research. Therefore, a summary cannot be provided.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30852710/ – This study likely examines the effects and safety of phenibut. Further information would be needed to provide a detailed summary of the study's findings, methodology, and significance.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38112312/ – This study likely examines the effects and safety of phenibut. Further information would be needed to provide a detailed summary of the study's findings, methodology, and significance.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39376891/ – This study likely examines the effects and safety of phenibut. Further information would be needed to provide a detailed summary of the study's findings, methodology, and significance.
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.688147/full – This case report describes a severe withdrawal syndrome in a patient, highlighting the importance of recognizing phenibut misuse in clinical settings. The report emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to be aware of the potential for severe withdrawal symptoms associated with phenibut use, especially in patients with a history of substance abuse.
Supplements Containing Phenibut
Pure Phenibut Pharma Grade Powder
Hard Rhino
Z-Test
PMD Platinum
Crash Blue Razz
ProSupps
Crash Fruit Punch
ProSupps
Anesthetized Pineapple
Blackstone Labs
Somadrol
EST
Chill Pill
HoltraCeuticals
PheniTropic
Biotics Research Corporation