Salvia Root Extract
Also known as: Salvia miltiorrhiza, Red Sage, Danshen
Overview
Salvia miltiorrhiza, also known as Red Sage or Danshen, is a plant native to China and Japan, traditionally used in Chinese medicine for its cardiovascular benefits. The root extract contains bioactive compounds like tanshinones and salvianolic acids, which contribute to its therapeutic effects. It is primarily used to improve cardiovascular health, treat chronic kidney disease, and alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms. Research on Salvia miltiorrhiza is considered to be at a moderate maturity level, with increasing evidence from clinical trials and meta-analyses. The quality of available evidence varies, with some high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses available, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects. It is available in various forms, including capsules and tablets, and is often taken as a standardized extract to ensure consistent levels of active compounds.
Benefits
Salvia miltiorrhiza offers several evidence-based benefits. For cardiovascular health, a meta-analysis showed improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and reduced left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) in patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure. For lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), a randomized controlled trial demonstrated significant improvements in IPSS scores and erectile function in men. Additionally, a meta-analysis suggests that Salvia miltiorrhiza may improve kidney function in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by reducing serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. These benefits are typically observed within weeks to months of consistent use. The effect sizes vary across studies, but the improvements in cardiovascular and urological outcomes are clinically significant.
How it works
Salvia miltiorrhiza exerts its effects through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory mechanisms, primarily via its bioactive compounds like tanshinones and salvianolic acids. It interacts with the cardiovascular system by improving blood flow and reducing inflammation, and with the urinary system by alleviating LUTS. The herb targets endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in blood vessels, contributing to vasodilation. The active compounds are generally absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, although bioavailability can vary.
Side effects
Salvia miltiorrhiza is generally considered safe with minimal side effects. Common side effects, occurring in more than 5% of users, may include gastrointestinal upset. Uncommon side effects, affecting 1-5% of individuals, may involve mild allergic reactions or interactions with anticoagulants. Rare but serious adverse effects, occurring in less than 1% of users, may include bleeding due to anticoagulant interactions. It may interact with anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs. It is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to limited data. Caution is advised in patients with bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before use, especially if taking other medications.
Dosage
The minimum effective dose of Salvia miltiorrhiza typically starts at 400 mg per day for LUTS. Optimal dosage ranges from 400 mg to 800 mg per day for most applications. The maximum safe dose is not well established, but doses above 800 mg are less commonly studied. It is best taken with meals to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Capsules or tablets are common forms. Bioavailability may be enhanced with fatty meals. There are no specifically identified required cofactors. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage for individual needs.
FAQs
Is Salvia miltiorrhiza safe to use?
Salvia miltiorrhiza is generally safe, but monitor for interactions with anticoagulants and consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have existing health conditions or are taking medications.
When is the best time to take Salvia miltiorrhiza?
Take Salvia miltiorrhiza with meals to reduce the likelihood of gastrointestinal side effects. Consistency in timing can also help maintain stable blood levels of the active compounds.
How long does it take to see results from Salvia miltiorrhiza?
Improvements in cardiovascular health and LUTS symptoms may be observed within weeks of consistent use. Individual results can vary, so it's important to maintain realistic expectations.
Can Salvia miltiorrhiza replace conventional medical treatments?
No, Salvia miltiorrhiza is not a substitute for conventional medical treatment. Consult a healthcare provider before use, especially if you have existing health conditions.
Research Sources
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/17/1/24 – This study investigated the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. The randomized controlled trial showed significant improvements in IPSS scores and erectile function after 12 weeks, suggesting a potential benefit for men with LUTS.
- https://libraryinfo.bhs.org/systematicreviews – This link directs to a library resource for systematic reviews, which are comprehensive analyses of multiple research studies. Systematic reviews provide a high level of evidence by synthesizing the findings of numerous individual studies, helping to establish the overall effectiveness of interventions.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35747383/ – This meta-analysis examined the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on chronic kidney disease (CKD). The findings indicated that Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts may improve kidney function by reducing serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, suggesting a potential benefit for individuals with CKD.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39672763/ – This meta-analysis assessed the impact of Salvia miltiorrhiza on patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart failure (HF). The results showed improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and reduced left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), highlighting its potential benefits for cardiovascular health.
- https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4865309 – This paper provides an overview of the cardiovascular benefits of Salvia miltiorrhiza. It discusses the mechanisms by which Salvia miltiorrhiza improves blood flow and reduces inflammation, contributing to its therapeutic effects on cardiovascular health.
Recommended Articles
Herbal Boosters & COVID-19 Antivirals: Safe Mix?
Herbal supplements may interact with COVID-19 antivirals, requiring careful consideration and further research.
Top Immune Support Ingredients: What Works?
Vitamin D, zinc, and echinacea are key ingredients in immune support supplements, backed by scientific evidence.
Top Anti-Inflammatory Supplement Ingredients
Curcumin, omega-3 fatty acids, CBD, and Vitamin D are proven to effectively reduce chronic inflammation.
Best Supplements for Cortisol Reduction: A Scientific Guide
Adaptogens like Ashwagandha and Rhodiola, along with Phosphatidylserine, are effective in reducing cortisol levels, supported by scientific studies.