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Valerian Glycerite Liquid Extract

Also known as: Valerian, garden valerian, garden heliotrope, Valerian glycerite liquid extract, Valeriana officinalis

Overview

Valerian glycerite liquid extract is a preparation derived from the root of *Valeriana officinalis*, utilizing glycerin and water as extraction solvents. It is widely recognized for its traditional use as a mild sedative and anxiolytic. The primary applications of this supplement include improving sleep quality, reducing anxiety, and alleviating symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea. Its therapeutic effects are attributed to active constituents such as valerenic acids, valepotriates, and other sesquiterpenes. While much of the clinical research on valerian focuses on ethanolic or hydroalcoholic extracts, glycerite extracts are believed to share similar phytochemical profiles. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest modest benefits for subjective sleep quality, though with notable variability and potential publication bias in the existing research.

Benefits

Valerian glycerite liquid extract offers several potential benefits, primarily supported by research on various valerian extract forms. For sleep improvement, meta-analyses indicate that valerian extracts can enhance subjective sleep quality, with a relative risk of improved sleep around 1.8 (95% CI 1.2–2.9), although effects on objective sleep parameters remain inconsistent. In the context of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that valerian extract (up to 1260 mg/day) significantly reduces emotional, behavioral, and physical PMS symptoms compared to placebo. For dysmenorrhea, limited evidence from RCTs suggests that valerian root powder (255 mg thrice daily) may reduce menstrual pain more effectively than placebo, with one study indicating comparable effects to mefenamic acid. While some small RCTs suggest valerian extracts may reduce cortical excitability and possess calming effects, the evidence for anxiolytic benefits is less robust and requires further validation.

How it works

The sedative and anxiolytic properties of valerian are primarily mediated through its interaction with the GABAergic system. Valerian constituents, particularly valerenic acid and valepotriates, are thought to enhance the release of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and increase its binding affinity at GABA_A receptors, leading to a calming effect on the central nervous system. Other proposed mechanisms include interactions with serotonin and adenosine receptors, further contributing to its neuropharmacological actions. Glycerite extracts retain these key active compounds, although their precise concentrations may differ from those found in ethanolic extracts. The oral bioavailability of valerenic acids is considered moderate, with metabolism occurring via hepatic pathways.

Side effects

Valerian extracts are generally considered safe, with a low incidence of adverse effects. Common side effects, occurring in less than 5% of users, are rare but may include mild gastrointestinal discomfort such as stomach upset or nausea, and headaches. Uncommon side effects, reported in 1–5% of users, can include dizziness and morning drowsiness, particularly when higher doses are consumed. Rare side effects, occurring in less than 1% of users, are not extensively documented but may involve allergic reactions. While no major drug interactions have been consistently reported, caution is advised when combining valerian with other central nervous system depressants or sedatives, as it may potentiate their effects. Valerian is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data in these populations. Special populations, such as the elderly or individuals with pre-existing liver conditions, should use valerian cautiously and ideally under medical supervision, as its metabolism involves hepatic pathways.

Dosage

The minimum effective dose for improving sleep quality typically ranges from 300 to 900 mg of valerian extract daily. For the management of PMS and dysmenorrhea symptoms, doses up to 1260 mg per day have been safely utilized in clinical studies. For valerian glycerite liquid extracts, typical adult dosing ranges from 1 to 3 mL, often taken 30 minutes to 1 hour before bedtime for sleep support, or at the onset of symptoms for conditions like PMS or dysmenorrhea. The specific dosage for glycerite extracts may vary based on the product's standardization to active compounds like valerenic acid. While a maximum safe dose has not been firmly established, doses exceeding 900 mg of extract per day have been used without serious adverse effects. Timing is crucial; for sleep, it's best taken in the evening, and for cyclical symptoms, during symptomatic periods. Absorption may be enhanced when taken with food. Glycerite extracts are particularly beneficial for individuals who wish to avoid alcohol content found in some other liquid extracts.

FAQs

Is valerian glycerite extract as effective as ethanolic extracts?

While glycerite extracts contain similar active compounds, most clinical trials use ethanolic extracts. Glycerite efficacy is inferred but less directly studied.

How long before effects are seen?

Sleep benefits may appear after a few days to weeks of consistent use. PMS symptom relief is typically observed after 1–3 menstrual cycles.

Is valerian addictive or habit-forming?

No evidence supports that valerian causes dependence or withdrawal symptoms, indicating it is not addictive or habit-forming.

Can valerian cause next-day drowsiness?

Higher doses of valerian may cause mild morning sedation or drowsiness in some sensitive individuals.

Research Sources

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7585905/ – This source likely refers to a study or review discussing valerian's effects, potentially including its anxiolytic properties or general efficacy. It contributes to the understanding of valerian's mechanisms and clinical applications, possibly highlighting specific trials or meta-analyses.
https://www.drugs.com/npp/valerian.html – This source provides a comprehensive overview of valerian, including its uses, side effects, and interactions. It serves as a general reference for valerian's properties and clinical applications, supporting information on benefits like PMS and dysmenorrhea.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4394901/ – This source likely details a specific study or review related to valerian's effects, potentially focusing on sleep or other therapeutic areas. It contributes to the evidence base for valerian's efficacy and safety profile.
https://faculty.washington.edu/vitiello/Recent%20Publications/Taibi%20Valerian%20Review.pdf – This PDF links to the Taibi et al. (2006) systematic review and meta-analysis. It found valerian significantly improved subjective sleep quality but noted methodological flaws and publication bias, providing critical insight into the strength of evidence for sleep benefits.
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-valeriana-officinalis-l-radix-and-valeriana-officinalis-l-aetheroleum_en.pdf – This is the European Medicines Agency's assessment report on Valeriana officinalis. It provides a comprehensive scientific evaluation of valerian root and essential oil, covering traditional use, pharmacological activity, clinical efficacy, and safety data, serving as a robust regulatory and scientific reference.