Black Cohosh Root Extract
Also known as: black cohosh, cimicifuga, black snakeroot, rattlebush, bugbane, Actaea racemosa, Cimicifuga racemosa
Overview
Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) is a perennial herb native to Eastern North America, widely recognized for its potential to alleviate menopausal symptoms. Predominantly derived from the rhizomes and roots, the extracts contain active compounds such as triterpene glycosides and isoflavones. Traditionally, black cohosh has been used for various health concerns, but contemporary research focuses on its effectiveness in managing menopausal symptoms, including hot flashes, mood disturbances, and night sweats. Although clinical outcomes regarding its efficacy are mixed, black cohosh is a popular non-hormonal alternative for individuals seeking symptom relief without hormonal therapy. Ongoing research aims to clarify its mechanisms and explore potential benefits beyond menopausal relief.
Benefits
The primary benefit of black cohosh lies in its effects on menopausal symptoms, particularly mood disturbances. A notable meta-analysis has demonstrated its efficacy, particularly with isopropanolic extracts, showing a standardized mean difference of -0.694 (p < 0.0001) in improving mood. While the evidence for reducing hot flashes is inconsistent, anecdotal reports support its potential benefits for insomnia and fatigue, especially in those avoiding hormone therapies. Populations experiencing psychological symptoms tied to menopause seem to benefit most from its use, particularly when combined with St. John's wort. Furthermore, higher dosages and prolonged usage often enhance therapeutic outcomes, establishing black cohosh as a supportive supplement for menopause-related issues.
How it works
The exact mechanisms by which black cohosh exerts its effects remain partially understood. It is believed to modulate serotonin pathways, while exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The presence of triterpene glycosides may contribute to lower luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, which helps alleviate menopausal symptoms. Additionally, black cohosh may interact with central dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways, facilitating mood regulation and reducing menopausal discomfort.
Side effects
Black cohosh is typically regarded as safe, with side effects comparable to placebo. Gastrointestinal disturbances have been reported in less than 5% of users, and minor adverse effects like headaches and gastrointestinal issues affect about 1-5% of users. Although hepatotoxicity has been a concern, supporting evidence remains limited. Significant contraindications are rare, but individuals with hormone-sensitive conditions should consult healthcare professionals regarding potential interactions. Overall, the risks of black cohosh are minimal when suitable candidates use it, marking it as a relatively safe herbal remedy.
Dosage
The recommended dosage range for black cohosh is generally between 8 to 160 mg per day, with around 40 mg recognized as effective in many cases. Some studies indicate that dosages up to 128 mg may yield additional benefits for specific menopausal symptoms. There are no strict recommendations regarding the timing of ingestion, offering flexibility in daily administration. Notably, clinical benefits may manifest within several months of consistent intake. It is essential to utilize standardized extracts, particularly those that are ethanolic or isopropanolic, to guarantee adequate concentrations of triterpene glycosides. An upper limit of 160 mg per day is suggested to enhance safety and minimize the risk of adverse effects.
FAQs
Is black cohosh safe?
Yes, black cohosh is generally safe and well-tolerated, with no evidence of hepatotoxicity or effects on estrogen-sensitive tissues.
When should I take black cohosh?
There are no specific timing recommendations; it can be taken at any time as part of a daily regimen.
When can I expect to see results?
Results can be observed within several weeks to months, especially for psychological and neurovegetative symptoms.
Does black cohosh affect hormone levels?
No, it does not affect hormone levels or estrogen-sensitive tissues, contrary to some misconceptions.
Research Sources
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ – A meta-analysis involving several studies on black cohosh revealed its significant effects in improving mood disturbances associated with menopause. The analysis emphasized the efficacy of isopropanolic extracts, demonstrating a clear advantage over placebo groups.
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4570808/ – Review studies examining black cohosh provided an overview of its traditional uses and modern investigations, focusing on its potential benefits for menopausal symptoms, while noting variability in clinical evidence concerning hot flashes and psychological distress.
Supplements Containing Black Cohosh Root Extract

Black Cohosh
GNC Herbal Plus Standardized

Menopause Formula
GNC

Phyto-Estrogen Formula
GNC Women's

P6 Extreme
Cellucor

Menopause Support
Pathway To Healing

FemRebalance
Vitanica

Feminene Female Support Formula
Market America

Women's Passage
Vitanica

MedCaps Menopause
XYMOGEN

Menopause Support
Vital Nutrients
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